Examinando por Materia "Injerto óseo"

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    Descelularización de periostio para aplicaciones biomédicas
    (Universidad EIA, 2019) Aristizábal Ramírez, Isabel; Velásquez Puerta, Diego Alejandro
    Commonly, bone grafts are used to heal the non-union of fractures, also for knee replacement surgery, bone filling after osteosarcoma resection and osteoarthritis. However, the outcomes of using bone grafts are still unpredictable. Infections, rejection, and long-term impairments occur very often. Therefore, for critical size defects, bone grafts do not promote a complete restoration of the tissue, becoming a concern for orthopedic surgeons. This work proposes an alternative for large bone grafts from decellularized periosteum because it has been found that removing the biological component of the graft reduces significantly the risk of rejection and that the matrix component of the periosteum has the appropriate characteristics to promote bone regeneration by itself. In order to verify this, a first stage is proposed, which consists of decellularization of the connective tissue coming from the periosteum and histological verification of the removal of the cellular components. A matrix is then constructed and histologically analyzed from a line of cells cultured within the matrix obtained to determine the proliferation of these cells and to determine whether it can really be considered as an alternative within tissue engineering.