Examinando por Materia "ELECTROMYOGRAPHY ( EMG )"

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    Consideraciones para el análisis de la marcha humana. Técnicas de videogrametría, electromiografía y dinamometría
    (2014-04-20) Villa-Moreno, A. (Adriana); Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, E. (Eduardo); Pérez-Moreno, J. C. (Juan Carlos)
    Human gait analysis has been used in a wide range of applications, such as diagnosis and treatment selection for patients with neuro-muscular-skeletal diseases. The methods and technologies that exist for gait analysis are numerous, and they allow the recollection of the main quantitative parameters of a gait pattern in an objective way. A lot of factors must be considered during gait analysis in order to obtain reliable results; some of them must be taken into account, including the planning and configuration of the laboratory, the acquisition process and the results analysis system. This paper presents some considerations derived from the literature review and also from the direct experience with patients. They are mainly focused in systems which use techniques such as videogrammetry, dynamometry and electromyography, since they are the most used nowadays.
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    Development of an actuated cable orthotic glove to provide assistance of fi nger extension to stroke survivors
    (2014-04-23) Ochoa, J. M. (José Mauricio ); Kamper, D. (Derek)
    Se presenta el desarrollo de un guante activado externamente y controlado por un microprocesador para asistir la extensión de los dedos en pacientes con derrame cerebral. La meta del dispositivo es permitir la repetición de tareas específi cas para realizar terapia de la mano en un ambiente casero. El usuario puede controlar el dispositivo por tres medios diferentes: reconocimiento de voz, electromiografía o manualmente. Estos medios pueden ser usados tanto independientemente como en combinación según las necesidades del paciente. Para el control y la seguridad, se tiene retroalimentación de posición y de fuerza. Las pruebas iniciales del prototipo han demostrado un desempeño prometedor
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    Exoesqueletos para potenciar las capacidades humanas y apoyar la rehabilitación
    (2014-04-24) Chávez-Cardona, M. A. (Manuel Alejandro); Rodríguez-Spitia, F. (Felipe); Baradica-López, A. (Asfur)
    This paper presents a literature review about exoskeletons and their applications in human life. Different developments highlighting the most important parts of each of them, and paying particular attention to the area of electronic engineering related to these structures, are shown. Also, a grouping of the different kinds of structures is made depending on the area of the human body to which the exoskeleton was intended to or depending on the purpose of the research. Finally, various studies and developments which use mioelectric signals as a fundamental part of the system are presented.
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    Influencia de la fatiga muscular en la señal electromiográfica de músculos estimulados eléctricamente
    (2014-05-08) Fernández-Arteaga, J. M. (Juliana María); Acevedo, R. (Rubén); Tabernig, C. (Carolina)
    The functional electrical stimulation is a technique of rehabilitation for patients with paralysis that restitutes the lost motor function, which can be studied by means of the registry of the electrical activity of muscles or electromyographic signal. When the muscle is being stimulated, this signal is a wave of synchronous depolarization with the stimulus, which receives the name of M-wave. This wave is the main indicator of the answer of the muscle to the electrical stimulus and presents changes in its spectral and morphological characteristics when the fatigue phenomenon appears. The muscular fatigue limits the use of systems of functional stimulation during prolonged periods. The variables more used to evaluate the changes in M-wave are their amplitude and duration, and the mean and the median of their frequency spectrum. During the fatigue phenomenon, the amplitude of the M-wave diminishes and its duration increases. As a result of the lactic acid accumulation, the speed of conduction of muscular fibers is reduced, resulting in a spectral compression and a shift of the frequency spectrum towards the low frequencies. The reported works that study the changes in M-wave during the occurrence of the phenomenon of fatigue are limited to static conditions. It is then necessary the development of new techniques to detect the occurrence of the phenomenon of fatigue in dynamic conditions similar to those existing in the daily life.
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    Revisión de la literatura de las técnicas de medición para el estudio de la postura sedente
    (2014-05-05) Delgado, A. (Adriana); Maradei, M. F. (María Fernanda); Espinel-Correal, F. (Francisco)
    Aiming to find a measurement technique that allows studying the seated posture, we conducted the following systematic review. The search was made in specialized databases in the study area. The key words of the search included terms such as low back pain, sitting posture, pelvic tilt, among others. 2383 items were selected according to the review question proposed and these 228 from established inclusion criteria. They were found 17 items that allow you to identify the appropriate techniques for the stance study. The revision allowed proposing a guide for selecting a tool to evaluate the seated posture based on the benefits offered by the instrument to comply with the objectives of the study that you want to perform.