Examinando por Materia "Bio-oil"

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  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso abierto
    Fraccionamiento y separación de las fases ligera y pesada del bioaceite obtenido de la pirólsis rápida de biomasa
    (2024-09) Sánchez Posada, Mario Alejandro; Maya, J.C.; Chejne, F.; Bustamante, M.
    Este estudio se enfoca en el fraccionamiento y la caracterización mediante fluorescencia UV de las fases de bioaceite generadas durante la pirólisis rápida de biomasa en un reactor de placa caliente. Se aplicaron dos métodos de fraccionamiento que involucran separación de fases por solventes, basada en la polaridad de los compuestos, y técnicas de separación física. Además, se evaluó la influencia de la presión del reactor y de la temperatura de recolección del bioaceite sobre la proporción de compuestos ligeros a pesados (monómeros vs. oligómeros). Ambos métodos de fraccionamiento demostraron ser eficaces, destacando el método simplificado por su facilidad de aplicación. Se encontró que la fracción pesada del bioaceite producido en el reactor de placa caliente consistía predominantemente en dímeros y trímeros (340-370 nm), similar a la lignina pirolítica, la cual también mostró un pico en este rango. Por otro lado, se observó que presiones más bajas en el reactor y temperaturas de recolección menores favorecieron la expulsión de aerosoles, incrementando los rendimientos de bioaceite hasta en un 85%.
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemSólo datos
    Modelling the fast pyrolysis of anisotropic biomass particles with aerosol production
    (Universidad EIA, 2023) Sánchez Posada, Mario Alejandro; Maya López, Juan Carlos; Quinchía Figueroa, Adriana María
    ABSTRACT: agricultural production generates significant amounts of residues that are not valued and contributes to environmental pollution; In Colombia alone, 78 million tons of agricultural residues are generated each year. Moreover, only a small fraction of the produced biomass in the agricultural sector correspond to useful products: the “fique” industry uses only the 2% of the produced biomass, the beer industry uses only 8% of the grain nutrients, while palm oil industry uses less than 9% of the produced biomass, in coffee industry only 9,5% of the fruit weight is utilized, while in the paper industry just the 30% of the raw biomass is made of (Cury et al., 2017). The valorization of these residues not only to reduces environmental pollution but also contributes to increase sector productivity through the production of high value products. One of the alternatives for biomass residues characterization is the production of bio-oil through fast pyrolysis with its subsequent upgrade to obtain high value products such as fuels, or chemicals as furfural, acetol (hydroxy acetone), levoglucosan, acetic acid, 5-HMF, hydroxyl-acetaldehyde, products that are used are raw materials in the food, textile, paints, pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. The bio-oil from biomass fast pyrolysis is a mixture of compounds coming from the decomposition of the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Particularly, in the bio-oil can be found heavy components such as lignin oligomers, anhydrosugars, and some minerals. The concentration of these heavy components in bio-oil affects subsequent processes as the hydrotreatment to obtain fuels (Iisa et al., 2019). A fraction of the aforementioned heavy components in bio-oil comes from aerosols that are ejected from the biomass particle during fast pyrolysis (primary aerosols), however, the contribution of the aerosols to this heavy fraction is still uncertain, since these aerosols suffer secondary extra-particle reactions within the reactor and there is also formation of secondary aerosols during the condensation process of volatiles products (Montoya et al., 2016). Even though there are multiples studies on the effect of some process parameters and particles characteristics (heating rate, holding temperature, pressure, particle size) on the heavy fraction yield, the effect of these parameters on aerosol production has been little studied. Currently, there is no fast pyrolysis model that considers realistic characteristics of the particle such as shape and anisotropy and provides information about the production of aerosols and its size distribution (Brennan Pecha et al., 2019). The information about the produced aerosols is important for the later analysis of the extra-particle reactions within the reactor and to clarify the participation of primary aerosols on the heavy fraction yield. Based on the problem description presented above the research question for the present work is the following: ¿Is the effect of particle shape and anisotropy on the production primary aerosols significant during biomass fast pyrolysis? This project aims at advancing the current state of knowledge and modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis. The objective of the work is to evaluate aerosol production and the effect of particle characteristics and process parameters during biomass fast pyrolysis.