Examinando por Materia "ALMIDÓN DE YUCA"

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  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Degradabilidad de un polímero de almidón de yuca
    (2013-11-26) Ruíz-Avilés, G. (Gladys); Montoya-Mesa, C. (Carolina); Paniagüa-Villa, M. A. (Marco Aurelio)
    The use of polymeric materials has been increased due to their good properties and low cost. As a result, the amount of plastic that gets to landfills has increased until 30 %. As a solution to this problem, biodegradable polymers have been developed; and compared to synthetic polymers, they are degraded in the environment when exposed to certain conditions in a shorter period. One of the raw materials that is widely used in the manufacturing of biodegradable materials is starch. In this research study, the biodegradability of a polymer made of tapioca starch has been studied. To determine this, the polymer has been characterized and exposed to salt and fresh water, sunlight and a simulation of a landfill for a series of periods. To determine its biodegradability, percentage of mineralization was measured as well as changes in tensile properties, superficial morphology, IR absorption and weight loss depending on the type of environment. From the results it was found that the polymer is degraded by being subjected to simulated landfill, salt water and to a lesser extent in sunlight, while in fresh water it does not get degraded.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Una mirada a la agroindustria de extracción de almidón de yuca, desde la estandarización de procesos
    (2013-11-20) Torres, P. (Patricia); Pérez, A. (Andrea); Marmolejo, Luis Fernando; Ordóñez, José A.; García, Reinel E.
    In Colombia, the agroindustry of cassava-starch extraction is an important sector of the country's economy; production is focused in Cauca Department; this process uses fresh cassava-roots, water, and electricity as main resources, generating solid and liquid wastes whose inadequate use or disposal brings environmental and economic impacts. In this study were made measures for process optimization supported by tools such as mass balance and study methods, time and motion, considering the technological and socio-economic context of the sector. The results showed process-efficiency between 51 and 59 %; it was identified that the straining stage has the highest water consumption and solid waste generation (fiber cassava pulp); the starch slurry’s sedimentation stage generates the most amount of liquid wastes with high-pollution load. It evidenced the need to standardize and optimize the washing-peeling and strain stages because they require the largest process times; to increase the grating-rasping machine capacity (this critical stage influences the process efficiency and the final starch quality) besides recording the process information as control strategy.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Síntesis y caracterización de un polímero biodegradable a partir del almidón de yuca
    (2014-05-08) Meneses, J. (Juliana); Corrales, C. M. (Catalina María); Valencia-García, M. F. (Marco Fidel)
    In the present research a biodegradable polymer was elaborated from manioc starch, based on the Taguchi methodology as the experiment design tool. The sweet manioc starch was mixed with chemical reagents acting as plastifiers, extensors, thickeners, lubricants, moisturizers, and mold releasing agents, varying the experimental conditions as indicated by the experiment design. The different mixtures underwent several processes common to conventional polymers in an open mill, an injection machine, and a vulcanizing press. The experimental process gave as a result six polymeric samples of adequate characteristics, all of which were subjected to physical, chemical, and mechanical properties and biodegradation measurement.